Improvement in dental engines



UNITED STATES EDWARD P. RYDER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T()SAMUEL S.

WHITE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN DENTAL ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 169,375, dated November2, 1875 application lled May 20, 1874.

, tion My invention relates to an engine of the class by which dentalinstruments are automatically driven while the engine is held by theoperator by means of a frame or handpiece, upon which the engine ismounted.

The subject-matter claimed will hereinafter specifically be designated.

The accompanying drawings represent so much of-an' apparatus embodyingmy invention as is necessary to illustrate the subjectmatter claimed,Figure l being aplan View, Fig. 2 a side view, and Figs. 3, 4, and 5detail views thereof. l

An air chest or chamber, A, has induction and exhaust ports B C, andinlet and outlet valves b l` b b c c c c, arranged as shown in thedrawings. On each side of the airchest a cylinder, D D, is mounted, on atrunnion or otherwise, so that it may oscillate freely, while its innersurface lits closely upon the adjacent surface of the air-chamber. -Eachcylinder is perfectly fitted with a piston, E, and has two valves, d e,one near each end, for the passage of the air to and from the respectiveends of the cylinder. As the cylinders oscillate, their valves comealternately opposite the inlet and outlet valves of the air-chest, andthe piston is driven to and fro as the airis admitted at one end anddriven out at the other, the same as would be the operation if steamwere used, and as is well understood. A crank-shaft, F, is mounted inbearings at the front end of the air-chamber, and carries on one end acrank, f, and onthe other end a pinion, G, to Which'a crank-pin, g, isfastened. A piston-rod, H, from each ofthe cylinders D D, extends to andworks upon the pins of the cranks, respectively. A spindle, I,constituting a holder for a dental tool, is mounted in bearings in anarm to which the air-chamber is attached, and is supported in linetherewith.V The armv and its bearings, it will be seen, constitute botha frame, upon which the engine is mounted, and a hand-piece in which thetoolholder is supported, and by which the engine is held. The rear endof the toolholding spindle carries a pinion, J, which meshes with thepinion G, and the spindle and tool are thus rotated by the revolution ofthe crank-shaft, as will be readily understood. Obviously, the bearingsfor the tool-holder or spindle I may be constructed so as to inclose it,instead of supporting it at two points only, as shown.

The dental tool may be fitted to the spindle in any ofthe well-knownvways that combine a iirm hold with ease of removal. The airsupply pipeisflexible, to admit of the required movements of the engine by theoperator.

Whenever it may be desired to suspend the rotation of the instrumentwhile the generation of power continues, or to suspend the applicationof the power while the instrument is being adjusted, a simpleshipping-device may be used to throw the pinion J out of gear with thepinion Gr by sliding the spindle forward in its support, or a valve inthe air-chamber or in the supply-pipe may be closed, so as to shut offthe power.

I claim as my invention- The dental air-en gine hereinbefore described,consisting of the combination of the air-chamber, the oscillatingcylinders, the pistons, the crank-shaft, the gearing, the tool-holdingspindle, and the frame constituting both a handpiece and a support forthe engine, these members being constructed and operating incombination, substantially as set forth.

ED WARD P. RYDER.

PATENT OFFICE,

